What is a "water-based ink system"?
Water-based ink is composed of four different chemical raw materials, they are: Color material-it is to transmit visual perception, so that we can see the color. Of course, the solvent for water-based inks must be water, but some suppliers still mix some flammable solvents, also known as water-based inks. For today, the main function of ink is to present a message or show a selling point. It is often a perfect picture, so the most important part of ink is ink. The colorant is one of dyes or pigments. Dyes are general color agents that can be found in food additives and ballpoint inks. Although the printing effect is not good and it is easy to fade, due to the low price, some paper printing and cardboard printing are still in use. Today's high-quality inks are chemically synthesized using pigments, with the exception of the famous carbon black and large amounts of dioxide. In fact, the appearance and characteristics of the pigment come from the resin that carries it. The formulation of more than one hundred pigments to make ink can cover the spectrum of all colors, but in ordinary use, the typical ink formula is limited to about 50 kinds. Several color material manufacturers in the world include BASF in Germany and some very small factories. The color material manufacturing is batch by batch, but the color system of each factory is slightly different. In the general four-color ink: blue, magenta, yellow, black, each set has a little difference, and there is no real standard. In particular, the colors of the East and West markets are different. Taking magenta ink as an example, the East prefers the blue tones and the West prefers the yellow tones. Pigment is an expensive component in printing ink, which will increase the cost because it requires higher resistance and higher color strength. The choice of the printed object will also affect the choice of colorants. For example, in a special case, we are required to make a blue ink, which will be printed on white cardboard, but the yellow kraft cardboard is used for proofing. Another part of the ink formulation is the resin or carrier transfer system. The main function of the resin here is to transfer the pigment from the printing process to the object to be printed. The first step of these processes is to dissolve the resin in the solvent and pass through the printing plate to the object to be printed. After the solvent is absorbed or volatilized and dried, the resin will be left to carry the color. We have a lot of resins to choose from, and in fact it is impossible to use only one resin. Maybe we will consider the requirements of the printed matter to use different resins, such as: high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance, high gloss ... Typical resins for water-based inks are: Prevents water from diffusing particulate resin. Resin insoluble in water. Resin dissolved in alkaline water. The third element of the ink composition is "water", its main function is to make the ink flow better, so that the ink can be brought from the engraved ink tank of the pattern roller to the printed object, when the resin and pigment are brought to the printed During the printing process, the excess water must be removed, which is more difficult on the printed object that does not absorb water, so the removal rate and drying speed are an important part of the printing process. The water in the ink is limited to organic solvents, because it will affect the drying speed of the water and reduce the solubility. The water in the ink is not sluggishly added, the PH value, hardness, and softness of the water will affect the drying. Soon we will talk about the pH of water. Additives are the least in the formulation of water-based inks, but its addition is the most able to show or correct the performance of the ink. There are many types of additives, we must choose their function, and can be fully combined with the ink components. Additives include surface smoothing agents, defoamers, leveling agents, synthetic resins, and so on. Speaking of which, we have to discuss the use of certain raw materials, such as heavy metals, chemical solvents, synthetic resins, etc., which will cause environmental problems. I remember that some suppliers mentioned earlier did not restrict the use of such raw materials according to standards. There are still many such problems in the Asian region. Although the government's laws and regulations are not strictly stipulated, you must consider exporting. [next] A typical printing ink composition would be: Solvent 70% Pigment 10% Additive 5% Resin 15% Of course, this is only a rough value, and the final decision must be made according to the requirements of ink and printing quality. Today, for high-quality flexible printing, the color component can be added to 17%, which means that we can consider the need to adjust the component ratio. The most important thing for a printing person is to make satisfactory quality at an acceptable cost; and it has to take into account environmental protection and health issues. The basic concept of ink already exists, but I want to declare that this is the simplest version. We return to the issue of viscosity. Every element we talked about before will affect viscosity. Often ink companies will ask what viscosity you need, or recommend what viscosity you want to use. However, the viscosity of the ink is very important, whether it is from one job to another job, or from a printing press to another printing press, or other situations may have different viscosities. It depends on several aspects, different printing models, ink rollers, scrapers or different pattern rollers and mesh thickness. Viscosity is easy to measure with a measuring cup, but you must pay attention to temperature changes and the cleaning and protection of the measuring cup. In terms of drying, the evaporation of water is a very important factor, especially on non-absorbent materials, which can use an energy to evaporate the solvent. The humidity of water is a coefficient between the surface tension of the water and the object to be printed. Water will naturally form a minimum surface area, which is adjacent to the boundary of the object to be printed so that it cannot be wetted. There are two kinds of drying of water-based inks: absorption of the printed object and non-absorption of the printed object. It is clear that without absorbing the printed object, such as plastic film, it will not absorb water. Even if it absorbs the printed body, it can only hold a considerable amount of water, but if the water and resin are not completely absorbed and separated during drying, that is, the water capacity of the printed body is saturated, the watermark ink that no longer absorbs the printing ink will not dry. At this time, if there is rubbing, there will be color transfer. PH value is an extremely important factor in water-based printing ink. Lack of control or incorrect PH value will cause many problems. The PH value is a method for measuring the acidity and alkalinity of the solvent. The PH value ranges from 0-14, but it is not necessary to stare at the numbers 6, 7, or 8 or 9 excessively, because some people also use 100, 800, or 900. What do you really pay attention to? That is, PH value will affect the viscosity of water-based printing ink. In a typical water-based printing ink, the curve shows that the general pH range should be between 8 and 9. A few simple steps to control ink: Stir well before use. Check the ink viscosity of the printing press. Adjust the viscosity and reconfirm the viscosity and PH value.
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Resin-it will transfer color to the surface of the object to be printed.
Additives-It is a combination of some raw materials to correct the performance of ink.
Solvent-it is to reduce the viscosity so that the printing ink is more easily transferred to the object, and then dried.