Prevention and treatment of common diseases in mountaineering
Gutta Percha,Dental Endo Plugger,Dental Gutta Percha,Gutta Percha Points Henan Hanchen Medical Technology Co., LTD , https://www.hanchenyiliao.com
Some of the diseases that are prone to occur during mountaineering are not only seen in mountainous areas but also in plains. However, because they are more common in mountaineering, they are known as common diseases in mountain climbing. It includes frostbite, snow blindness, sun dermatitis, oral herpes, upper respiratory tract infections, epistaxis, gastrointestinal disorders, acne, and the like.
(1) Alpine frostbite In mountaineering common diseases, the incidence of frostbite is high, especially among athletes who participated in mountain climbing for the first time. The lack of practical experience for novices, coupled with the heightening of the mountain reaction during the first climb, makes it easier to avoid freezing.
Alpine frostbite has a significant relationship with hypoxia. Hypoxia can cause physical strength, mental decline, and circulatory disturbances in the body, especially in the limbs, so that the ability to resist coldness is greatly reduced. For those with hypoxemic maladaptation, the incidence of frostbite is higher.
Alpine frostbite is also related to altitude. The higher the altitude, the lower the temperature and the higher the wind speed, the higher the incidence of frostbite. The site where frostbite occurred was the largest number of limbs and face.
Alpine frostbite can be divided into 4 degrees: 1 degree lesion in the epidermis, manifested as erythema; 2 degrees of invasion of the dermis, blisters, swelling; 3 degrees of invasive and subcutaneous; 4 degrees of invasion of muscle and bone, mainly manifested as necrosis.
Patients with 1 degree and 2 degrees are easy to cure; those with 3 degrees are likely to be cured, and some tissues may also be lost; those with 4 degrees are required to lose frostbite (surgical removal).
After the frostbite, it should be treated at the base camp for a period of time. Do not send it too quickly to a high-temperature area. Otherwise, the affected area is susceptible to ulceration and infection.
treatment method:
1 Massage on areas where there is no creping.
2 Closed in the concentric end of frozen limbs with procaine.
3 Withdraw the blister fluid.
4 not broken skin external application of traditional Chinese medicine Mulberry parasitic paste.
5 Soak in hot water (about 40°C) as soon as possible.
6 infrared therapy.
In the early stage of frostbite, conservative treatment was used to remove necrotic tissue after the formation of the demarcation line. In conservative treatment, attention should be paid to controlling infection, improving local circulation, and timely surgical treatment.
(2) Snowblindness is ophthalmologic ophthalmia. The air in the mountains is thin, and the penetration of sunlight is less. With the reflection of snow and ice in the mountains, the sunlight is far more intense than in the plain.
The main cause of snow blindness is strong ultraviolet radiation in the mountains, and infrared radiation also has a role.
Snow blindness symptoms, at first, there seems to be foreign particles friction, then the eyes rapidly and severe tingling or burning, shame, tears, eyelids, blurred vision, the whole body can see the swelling of the eye, the conjunctiva was congested, there is mucus-like secretion Pupils shrink and are slow to respond to light.
After the patient has symptoms, he should go to the dark place to rest, wear protective glasses, point cortisone eye drops and 0.5% pantothecaine to relieve pain and reduce inflammation. Those with mild symptoms can recover within 3 to 4 hours, and severe cases can last 5 to 7 days. All cases encountered can be fully restored. However, in the acute phase, due to pain and photophobia, blindness is not open, and it is equal to temporary blindness, which seriously affects the ability to move in the mountains.
Prevention methods: In the snow and ice area below 7000 meters, or under the hot sun, wearing dark protective glasses; in the mountains of 7,000 meters or more, wearing a special defense purple, infrared mountain glasses.
(3), dermatitis dermatitis This disease often occurs in the face and neck and other exposed parts.
Most of the patients with sunlighty dermatitis have only local redness, darkening and desquamation, no obvious pain, and no treatment. Some of the climbers who are sensitive to ultraviolet rays may have red and blisters at the irradiation site, and are very painful, followed by dark brown pigmentation, and more black sunburn on the cheeks. The skin is reflected and irradiated, and its adaptability to sunlight can be gradually improved.