Corrugated carton quality inspection (1)
PV ground screw is a new type of solar photovoltaic supporting product, suitable for various solar photovoltaic, wind energy and construction industries, such as solar power station pile foundation, billboard pile foundation, sign flag pile foundation, wooden house pile foundation, etc., suitable for Various geology, such as clay, Gobi desert, gravel, etc., are favored by industry counterparts for their high load performance, stability, anti-settling and pull-out properties. Photovoltaic(Pv) Ground Screw,Fence Post Ground Screw,Post Ground Screw,Screw Type Ground Anchors China Senbo Industry Co.,ltd , https://www.yuyilang.com
* Appropriate appearance, including graphic printing, clear printing ink (especially for barcodes, products or company logos), accurate dimensions, scribing, slitting, and grooving.
* The ability to protect packaged goods inside the box* has enough compressive strength to enable the cartons to be packed, stored, or sent out to the field.
* Durable: can maintain the above three characteristics within the required time period.
Appearance is a subjective test link that is often observed and evaluated by professionals. The strength characteristics have strong quantitative detection characteristics. The following items are the key links in the assessment and evaluation of carton structure and strength:
* BCT (carton compression test)
* ECT (edge ​​compression strength test)
* Flexural Strength Test * Positional Bond Test * Planar Compression Strength Test * Thickness Test * Bursting Test Paper Burs Compression Test Most cartons are compression cartons, also known as rigid folding cartons/containers. Carton manufacturers want to design and sell the carton with the expected use value. Therefore, the compressive strength is the first detection characteristic. Because no one wants to see the cartons in the stacked storage process, such as deformation, tilt and fall of the situation. This test is called BCT or carton compression detection.
When carrying out the carton compression test, the prepared carton is placed on the testing device, and then a certain pressure is applied to the carton until the carton is deformed and broken. In most cases, all sides of the carton are deformed. If all corners of the carton are deformed, the quality of the carton is not satisfactory. Therefore, improving the firmness of the corners of the carton is the best way to increase the stacking strength of the carton. The compressive strength sometimes also involves the contents of the carton (especially for food containers in department stores). Corrugated boxes can contain stacked cans or other boxes to increase the stacking strength of corrugated boxes. Therefore, it is also often used for carton-packed goods inspection, that is, after the carton is filled with goods, a composite inspection of the compressive strength is performed.
In addition to the compressive strength test, vibration shock testing is also performed to understand the degree of seismic resistance of the carton and cargo in the actual situation.
The edge compression strength test is very important because the carton manufacturer can use the production materials from the corrugator to predict the carton packing performance. The prediction of carton packaging performance uses the Mckee formula (see below). When testing the edge compression strength, a 2 x 2 inch corrugated cardboard is generally used, and the result will indicate how large the compressive strength of the composite paperboard is. The compressive strength of a carton is often considered to be the most important carton strength parameter. When measuring compressive strength, follow the direction of the corrugation.
Bending Strength When the carton is stacked, the lower carton bears the weight from the top. Under the effect of weight, the sides of the carton will be deformed, bending inward or outward. This force is concentrated in the four corners of the carton. Knowing this, it is not difficult to see that the strength of corrugated paper containers is largely influenced by the 4-corner condition of the carton.
In the bending strength test, the deformation resistance of each side of the carton is measured. The greater the flexural strength of the composite board, the stronger the carton. The Mckee formula predicts the performance of carton packaging in addition to the edge compression strength test results, but also the use of bending strength test results. The top-to-bottom and face-to-face bending strength of the carton are very important. The Mckee carton prediction formula uses the average of these two intensity measurements. The corrugated board used when measuring flexural strength was 2 x 12 inches.
Cardboard Adhesion Strength Testing This process detects the bond strength between corrugated base paper and single-sided or double-sided linerboard. The corrugated board used was 2x6 inches in size and the corrugation length was 2 inches. The inspection mainly depends on how much effort it takes to separate the corrugated paper from the linerboard. Surprisingly, it is expected that the bond strength will not play a significant role in increasing the compressive strength of the carton. Therefore, adhesive strength testing is not performed when corrugated blanks are selected.
In order to prove the above situation, you can do your own test and peel off the cardboard from the cardboard box and the corrugated medium. You may be surprised to find that many cardboard boxes have very little or no fiber pull. However, the situation may be different for heavy-duty corrugated cartons. In addition, the use of a large amount of adhesive or hardener can increase the hardness of the composite board and improve the test results of the compressive strength of the carton.
If the environment in which the carton is used is relatively humid, it is necessary to perform the wet adhesive strength test of the carton and apply a waterproof resin to the adhesive.
The plane pressure loss test can be carried out on a square or rectangular corrugated board to detect the plane pressure loss. However, a circular corrugated cardboard with an area of ​​5-10 square inches is usually used for the corresponding inspection. This type of inspection mainly indicates whether the corrugated board will be damaged during the processing of paper products. If the corrugation is damaged, it will reduce the packing strength of the carton even if it is not visible from the surface of the carton. For example, when the corrugated board passes through a flexo-paste box, if the pressure is too great, the corrugated board may be crushed and the strength of the board may be reduced by 20%. This situation is not uncommon on flexo printers. However, the Mckee carton prediction formula does not involve the plane pressure loss intensity parameter.
The reduction of the plane compressive strength will affect the bending strength, and it will have an indirect effect on the calculation results of the Mckee formula. However, it has been found that indirect measurement results do not fully reflect the reduction in carton performance caused by corrugation compression. Therefore, caution should be exercised when calculating the degree of compression to determine the packaging performance of corrugated boxes. By measuring the size of the plane compression before and after processing the paper product, the degree of compression can be understood. If there is a large difference between the data before and after, it indicates that there is a hidden danger in the performance of the carton.
Thickness of composite paperboard The thickness of finished corrugated paperboard is an important parameter. It is related to the smoothness of the processing of paper products. It is also directly related to the higher strength to weight ratio and flexural rigidity, making corrugated boxes as manufacturers. Important shipping tools.
The thickness of the composite board reflects the maximum strength to weight ratio and bending rigidity. The most typical corrugated board is C-flute with a height of 142 mm and 39 watts per foot. Sometimes the thickness test results are used as relevant parameters for the surface compressive strength. However, this is sometimes misleading because corrugated cardboard is very flexible and can be restored to its original thickness after being pressed. The corrugated base paper has a certain elasticity, and even if the corrugated cardboard has been damaged, the original thickness can be measured when measuring the thickness of the corrugated cardboard. The surest way to know if a corrugated board has been crushed is to use a surface compression test before and after processing the paper product.
Bursting test Some corrugated cartons use burst test. This method is also called the Karen test. Bursting resistance measures how much force is required to pierce the surface of a corrugated cardboard. Prior to the promulgation of the new rule No. 41, the burst test was a standard strength test method for corrugated materials. The new rule makes edge edge compression strength testing a standard strength test method for corrugated board freight boxes. This change is beneficial to the carton industry, because the edge compression strength test can more accurately reflect the performance of the compression carton compared to the burst resistance test. In addition, the use of edge-compression strength testing also allows manufacturers of cartons to have greater flexibility in selecting corrugating medium and linerboard to meet carton strength requirements.
Other testing methods for corrugated board Other methods of testing corrugated board are also used. The above detection methods are mainly related to the compressive strength and stacking performance, while other methods mainly cover the appearance, durability, and practical performance of the paperboard, including deformation, washboard traces, and printability. (To be continued)
PV Ground screw is also called spiral ground pile, hot-dip galvanized spiral ground pile
Product specifications
Outer diameter 60mm---3000mm carbon steel Inner diameter 20mm---2500mm alloy steel
Pitch 60mm---3000mm stainless steel thickness 1.0mm---60.0mm
Detailed introduction:
Photovoltaic solar spiral pile is a kind of spiral drilling pile. Its characteristics include the connection of drill bit and drill pipe, drill bit or drill pipe connecting a power source. After this photovoltaic solar spiral pile is placed underground, it will no longer Take it out and use it directly as a pile.
The drill bit of the photovoltaic solar spiral pile includes the spiral drill bit at the bottom.
Specific structure:
1. Use steel pipe in the middle part
2. The top is the connecting pipe
3. The drill pipe of the photovoltaic solar spiral pile includes the upper connecting pipe
4. Steel rod in the middle part
5. The lower connecting shaft
6. After the pile is driven into the ground, it is no longer taken out, but used as a pile directly.
On the basis of the "end-bearing pile" structure and "friction pile" structure used in the construction process, it is widely used in the construction of a variety of ground piles, ground anchors, and randomly structured ground piles.